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Understanding Pensionable Earnings

Kay North avatar
Written by Kay North
Updated over a week ago

Pension contributions are based on an employee’s pensionable earnings. How these are defined depends on your pension scheme.

There are three common ways pensionable earnings can be calculated:

  • Qualifying earnings

  • Basic earnings

  • Total (or gross) earnings

Each scheme is set up differently, and even schemes with the same provider may not follow the same rules. If you’re unsure which method applies to you, please check directly with your pension provider.

Qualifying earnings

Qualifying earnings are the minimum pay elements that must be included in pension calculations. They cover:

  • Basic pay or wages

  • Commission

  • Bonuses

  • Overtime

  • Statutory sick pay (SSP)

  • Statutory parental pay (maternity, paternity, adoption, shared parental leave, etc.)

Only the portion of earnings between the lower and upper thresholds is used.

For the 2025/2026 tax year, the thresholds are:

Level

Annual threshold

Monthly threshold

Lower

£6,240

£520

Upper

£50,270

£4,189

If contributions appear lower than expected, your scheme may be applying these thresholds.

Basic earnings

Basic earnings usually include an employee’s base salary plus certain allowances. Unlike qualifying earnings, there are no thresholds to apply.

In PayFit, the following items are included if a scheme is set up on basic earnings:

  • Base pay

  • Furlough pay

  • Holiday pay

  • Zero-hour pay

  • Occupational leave pay (if selected)

  • Leave rebalancing pay

  • Pay for selling annual leave

  • Minus deductions for buying annual leave

  • Backdated pay for late starters

  • KIT (Keep in Touch) payments

  • Additional payments (if selected)

Total or gross earnings

Total (or gross) earnings include all pay items – such as base pay, overtime, commission, and salary sacrifice deductions.

There are usually no thresholds to apply when using this method.

Notice pay and termination payments

Notice pay and termination payments are not usually pensionable, as they are generally made after the employee has left employment (and the pension scheme).

Some schemes may treat these payments as pensionable. Always confirm with your pension provider.

In PayFit, notice pay and termination payments are excluded by default.

If your scheme does include them, you can override the pensionable earnings or reach out via ticket for support.

Example calculations

An employee has a base salary of £1,000 and a £500 bonus.

The contribution rates are 5% employee and 3% employer.

Qualifying earnings

  • Total pay = £1,500

  • Pensionable pay = £1,500 – £520 (lower threshold) = £980

  • Employee: £980 × 5% = £49

  • Employer: £980 × 3% = £29.40

Basic earnings

  • Only base pay is included (£1,000)

  • Pensionable pay = £1,000

  • Employee: £1,000 × 5% = £50

  • Employer: £1,000 × 3% = £30

Total or gross earnings

  • All pay included (£1,500)

  • Pensionable pay = £1,500

  • Employee: £1,500 × 5% = £75

  • Employer: £1,500 × 3% = £45

FAQ

Can employer and employee contributions be based on different earnings?

No. Both employer and employee contributions must normally be calculated on the same type of earnings (qualifying, basic, or total). Pension providers do not usually allow different definitions for each party.

For example, if your scheme is set up on qualifying earnings, both employer and employee contributions must be based on qualifying earnings.

The only exception is if your pension provider has explicitly confirmed in writing that contributions can differ.

If an employee wishes to pay more, they should do so via Additional Voluntary Contributions (AVCs) rather than changing the core pensionable earnings.

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